写在前面
接触WCF还是它在最初诞生之处，一个分布式应用的巨作。 从开始接触到现在断断续续，真正使用的项目少之又少，更谈不上深入WCF内部实现机制和原理去研究，最近自己做一个项目时用到了WCF。 从这个小项目中我学会了两个地方： 1、利用IIS部署WCF服务，也就是大家接触到的发布SVC文件。2、动态调用WCF接口。
在这个项目中接触WCF时遇到的其实不仅仅是这两个问题，甚至连IIS支持SVC文件也让我折腾了好几把，IIS都重新卸载了两次。 我在这篇文章里用两种方式来实现。
如何使用
1、第一种方式比较简单，而且也是大家喜欢的，因为不需要任何配置文件就可解决，只需知道服务契约接口和服务地址就可以调用。
2、使用Invoke的方式，但是需要在调用客户端配置WCF，配置后在Invoke类里封装服务契约接口即可。
客户端调用DEMO
//第一种方式string url = "http://localhost:3000/DoubleService.svc";IDoubleService proxy = WcfInvokeFactory.CreateServiceByUrl(url);int result = proxy.Add(1, 3);//第二种方式 int result1 = WCFInvoke.Invoke(t => t.Add(1, 3));
第一种调用方式
public class WcfInvokeFactory { #region WCF服务工厂 public static T CreateServiceByUrl (string url) { return CreateServiceByUrl (url, "basicHttpBinding"); } public static T CreateServiceByUrl (string url, string bing) { try { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(url)) throw new NotSupportedException("This url is not Null or Empty!"); EndpointAddress address = new EndpointAddress(url); Binding binding = CreateBinding(bing); ChannelFactory factory = new ChannelFactory (binding, address); return factory.CreateChannel(); } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception("创建服务工厂出现异常."); } } #endregion #region 创建传输协议 /// /// 创建传输协议 /// /// 传输协议名称 ///
第二种调用方式
public class WCFInvoke { /// /// 你需要调用的服务契约 /// /// (Func func) { IServiceInvoker serviceInvoker=new WCFServiceInvoker(); return serviceInvoker.InvokeService(func); } } public interface IServiceInvoker { void InvokeService (Action invokeHandler) where T : class; TReslt InvokeService (Func invokeHandler) where T : class; }public class WCFServiceInvoker:IServiceInvoker { private static readonly ChannelFactoryManager FactoryManager = new ChannelFactoryManager(); private static readonly ClientSection ClientSection = ConfigurationManager.GetSection("system.serviceModel/client") as ClientSection; public void InvokeService (Action invokeHandler) where T : class { KeyValuePair endpointNameAddressPair = GetEndpointNameAddressPair(typeof(T)); var arg = FactoryManager.CreateChannel (endpointNameAddressPair.Key, endpointNameAddressPair.Value); var obj2 = (ICommunicationObject)arg; try { invokeHandler(arg); } finally { try { if (obj2.State != CommunicationState.Faulted) { obj2.Close(); } } catch { obj2.Abort(); } } } public TReslt InvokeService (Func invokeHandler) where T : class { KeyValuePair endpointNameAddressPair = GetEndpointNameAddressPair(typeof(T)); var arg = FactoryManager.CreateChannel (endpointNameAddressPair.Key, endpointNameAddressPair.Value); var obj2 = (ICommunicationObject)arg; try { return invokeHandler(arg); } finally { try { if (obj2.State != CommunicationState.Closed || obj2.State != CommunicationState.Faulted) { obj2.Close(); } } catch { obj2.Abort(); } } } private KeyValuePair GetEndpointNameAddressPair(Type serviceContractType) { var configException = new ConfigurationErrorsException( string.Format( "No client endpoint found for type {0}. Please add the section in the config file.", serviceContractType)); if (((ClientSection == null) || (ClientSection.Endpoints == null)) || (ClientSection.Endpoints.Count < 1)) { throw configException; } foreach (ChannelEndpointElement element in ClientSection.Endpoints) { if (element.Contract == serviceContractType.ToString()) { return new KeyValuePair (element.Name, element.Address.AbsoluteUri); } } throw configException; } } public class ChannelFactoryManager : IDisposable { private static readonly Dictionary Factories = new Dictionary (); private static readonly object SyncRoot = new object(); public void Dispose() { Dispose(true); } public virtual T CreateChannel () where T : class { return CreateChannel ("*", null); } public virtual T CreateChannel (string endpointConfigurationName) where T : class { return CreateChannel (endpointConfigurationName, null); } public virtual T CreateChannel (string endpointConfigurationName, string endpointAddress) where T : class { T local = GetFactory (endpointConfigurationName, endpointAddress).CreateChannel(); ((IClientChannel)local).Faulted += ChannelFaulted; return local; } protected virtual ChannelFactory GetFactory (string endpointConfigurationName, string endpointAddress) where T : class { lock (SyncRoot) { ChannelFactory factory; if (!Factories.TryGetValue(typeof(T), out factory)) { factory = CreateFactoryInstance (endpointConfigurationName, endpointAddress); Factories.Add(typeof(T), factory); } return (factory as ChannelFactory ); } } private ChannelFactory CreateFactoryInstance (string endpointConfigurationName, string endpointAddress) { ChannelFactory factory = null; factory = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(endpointAddress) ? new ChannelFactory (endpointConfigurationName, new EndpointAddress(endpointAddress)) : new ChannelFactory (endpointConfigurationName); factory.Faulted += FactoryFaulted; factory.Open(); return factory; } private void ChannelFaulted(object sender, EventArgs e) { var channel = (IClientChannel)sender; try { channel.Close(); } catch { channel.Abort(); } } private void FactoryFaulted(object sender, EventArgs args) { var factory = (ChannelFactory)sender; try { factory.Close(); } catch { factory.Abort(); } Type[] genericArguments = factory.GetType().GetGenericArguments(); if ((genericArguments.Length == 1)) { Type key = genericArguments[0]; if (Factories.ContainsKey(key)) { Factories.Remove(key); } } } protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing) { if (disposing) { lock (SyncRoot) { foreach (Type type in Factories.Keys) { ChannelFactory factory = Factories[type]; try { factory.Close(); } catch { factory.Abort(); } } Factories.Clear(); } } } }
总结
第一种方式比较常见，第二种方式是我参考另外一个项目中的写法，其中的有一些细节我还没有搞明白，实现了这个功能后还需要再看看这部分代码，再消化消化。由于是直接在项目中，所以没有提供源代码下载，有朋友需要的话我会整理出demo，稍后放出下载链接。